Chii chiri Hukama Pakati peHCMOS neLVCMOS?
Kubva pamaonero emusanganiswa wedunhu tekinoroji shanduko uye taxonomy, CMOS, HCMOS, uye LVCMOS haina hukama hwakareruka hwakafanana kana hwekutsiva. Pane kudaro, ivo vanogadzira hierarchical system iyo yakakamurwa zvichienderana nehukuru hwakasiyana uye maficha anopindirana.
Hukama hwepakati hunogona kutsanangurwa seizvi: LVCMOS haisi iyo inotevera-chizvarwa inotsiva HCMOS, asi kuti ibazi guru rinoiswa mu "voltage domain". Panyaya yekuita, zvishandiso zvemazuva ano zveLVCMOS zvakapfuura zvakakwana mashandisirwo eHCMOS ekutanga. Iwo maviri ndeemafungiro mumativi akasiyana uye akabatanidzwa zvakanyanya mumatekinoroji emazuva ano.
1. Core Nheyo: CMOS Technology
CMOS tekinoroji inoshanda sehwaro kune ese anotevera akasiyana. Chinhu chayo chinotsanangudza mashandisirwo eP-MOS neN-MOSFET anokwana kuita mainverters kana mamwe magidhi anotarisika, achiwana mashandisiro emagetsi asina kusimba. Zvese HCMOS neLVCMOS zvishandiso zvinokurukurwa pano zvinogovera iyi yakakosha hunhu.
2. Technology Evolution Yakavakirwa paPerformance Generations (Primary Dimension)
Iyi chiyero inorongedzerwa nenguva nekuita, zvichiratidza kufambira mberi mumagadzirirwo ekugadzira.
Traditional CMOS (semuenzaniso, 4000 Series)
Zvimiro: Inotora matanho ekutanga-ekugadzira matanho ane hukuru hukuru uye kugona kweparasitic yakakwirira. Iyo inopa yakakura yekushanda voltage renji (3-15V) asi inotambura nekunonoka kuparadzira kunonoka (pahurongwa hwe ~ 100ns), yakaderera kumhanya, uye isina kusimba kubuda kwekutyaira kugona.
HCMOS (Yepamusoro-Speed CMOS)
Zvimiro: Nekudzika pasi transistor zviyero zvakaenzana, iyo parasitic capacitance uye gedhi capacitance yemidziyo inoderedzwa zvakanyanya. Kuvandudza uku kunopfupisa kunonoka kwekuparadzira zvakanyanya (kusvika kune iyo ~ 10ns) uku uchichengetedza yakaderera static simba rekushandisa. Kubuda kwayo kwekutyaira kugona kunowedzerwawo zvakanyanya.
Yedzidzo Positioning: HCMOS inomiririra nhoroondo tekinoroji node. Yakamaka poindi iyo tekinoroji yeCMOS yakawana uye yakapfuura kumhanya kweiyo TTL logic panguva iyoyo, ichimisikidza mabhenefiti akazara eCMOS mukuita uye kushandisa simba. Mumiririri wayo ndeye 5V-inoshanda 74HC series. Zvinofanira kucherechedzwa kuti HCMOS ndiwo chidimbu cheHigh-Speed CMOS, kwete High-Voltage CMOS. Mukushandisa, izwi rekuti High-Voltage CMOS hariwanzo shandiswa; kana zvichidikanwa, inofanira kupfupikiswa seHVCMOS.
3. Architecture Classification Kubva pane Supply Voltage (Another Cross-Dimension)
Dimension iyi inogadziriswa nemagetsi emagetsi uye inopindirana nemashandiro{{0}based dimension.
5V CMOS
Inosanganisira yekutanga yechinyakare CMOS uye yakawanda HCMOS zvishandiso (semuenzaniso, 74HC akatevedzana). Iyi yaive yekutanga yakajairika yakajairika voltage domain.
Yakaderera{{0}Voltge CMOS
Tsanangudzo: Izwi rakajairwa kune ese CMOS logic mhuri dzine anoshanda voltages akadzikira zvakanyanya pane 5V standard. Kubudirira kwayo kunonyanya kufambiswa neakasimba simba rekushandisa optimization, sezvo simba rekushandisa remagetsi redunhu rinoenderana neskweya yemagetsi ekupa.
Subcategories: LVCMOS inopatsanurwazve nevoltage kuita nhevedzano yemazinga:
3.3V (LVCMOS): semuenzaniso, 74LVC yakatevedzana
2.5V, 1.8V, 1.5V, 1.2V, nezvimwewo: Sezvo nzira dzekugadzirisa dzinofambira mberi, magetsi ekushanda anoramba achiderera.
Affiliation uye Contemporary Integration
Historical Subordination: Munhoroondo yebudiriro yetekinoroji, HCMOS (semuenzaniso, 74HC) iboka rekuita reCMOS tekinoroji.
Muchinjikwa-Dimensional Overlap: HCMOS (kusimbisa kumhanya) uye LVCMOS (kusimbisa voltage) pfungwa dzinobva pazvimiro zvakasiyana. Chipi chimwe chete chinogona kuva chezvikamu zviviri panguva imwe chete.
Semuenzaniso, iyo 74HC yakatevedzana ndeye 5V HCMOS.
Iyo 74LVC yakatevedzana ndeye 3.3V LVCMOS, nepo kumhanya kwayo kunowanzo kupfuura iyo ye74HC yakatevedzana. Saka, 74LVC yese LVCMOS uye inosangana zvizere ne "yepamusoro-kumhanya" maitiro.
Contemporary Integration uye Terminology Evolution:
Mumaitiro emazuva ano esubmicron uye akadzama-submicron CMOS, low voltage yave chinhu chinodiwa kuti uwane kumhanya kwakanyanya uye kuderera kwemagetsi. Naizvozvo, ese achangobva kugadzirwa eCMOS akasanganiswa maseketi ane “low-voltage”.
"High-kumhanya" haisisiri chinyorwa chakasarudzika kune chakasarudzika chigadzirwa asi chimiro chepasi rose chehunyanzvi hwemazuva ano hweCMOS. Muzvidzidzo zvehuinjiniya, izwi rekuti "HCMOS" rinowanzo shandiswa kureva maseketi ese epamusoro-eCMOS anoenderana nemagadzirirwo echizvino-zvino, uye ruzhinji rwemaseketi aya anowira pasi pechikamu cheLVCMOS.
MuContemporary Context:
CMOS: Sezwi reamburera retekinoroji, mumasaini ekristaro oscillator anobuda, rinonyatso kureva imwe-yakapera square wave inobuda.
HCMOS: Mupfungwa yayo yakakura, inotsanangura kukwirira-maitiro emaseketi emazuva ano eCMOS.
LVCMOS: Inotsanangura zvakajeka chiyero chemagetsi cheyakaderera kushanda voltage.
Saka, pakutsanangura "3.3V, high-siginari inomhanya yeCMOS", kutaura chaiko ndekwekuti: Chiratidzo ichi chinoenderana neLVCMOS (semuenzaniso, LVC) mwero wemagetsi uye chinoratidza{4}}kumhanya kwepamusoro kwemaitiro emazuva ano eCMOS. Seruzivo rwechizvino-zvino, nhaka yeHCMOS-kunatsiridza mashandiro kuburikidza nekukura{7}}yakagarwa nhaka uye yakapfuura nehunyanzvi hwese hwemazuva ano hweLVCMOS. Mafungiro maviri aya ndeezvikamu zvakasiyana mudzidziso uye akanyatsobatanidzwa mukushandisa zvinoshanda.